How Dark Self Tanners Function

By Haywwod Hunter


Dark self turners are appliances or products utilized for making skin color darker or for tanning it. Dark self tanners and/or natural sun generate ultraviolet radiation used for attaining this effect. Light reflected from various surfaces or windburn may also cause the same effect over a long period of exposure.

Dark self tanning might occur deliberately or involuntarily. Individuals who do it voluntarily may use chemical commodities or involve in sun bathing. Prolonged unintentional exposure to sun radiation may present a few benefits along some adverse consequences. The benefit is that exposing the skin to ultraviolet radiation, enables it to synthesize Vitamin D. Sun bathing for too long may cause a higher risk of aging, depressed immune system functioning, skin cancer, and sunburn.

Dark self tanners appear in various shapes, colors, and sizes. They are built of metallic materials such as iron, stainless steel, aluminum, or their respective alloys. There shapes are cylindrical to form a cavity within which a person lies down. Dark self tanners also contain leads which have UV sources. Once one lies down, the UV sources are switched on to illuminate the body. The dimensions of tanners are designed to suit that of adult human beings.

Dark self tanners have predetermined intensity settings and time frames, which one can stay inside. Beyond that time or intensity, the radiation becomes harmful to the skin. Tanning varies among individuals, with some taking a short period while others take too long. The ease with which one tans depends on genetic factors such as natural skin color and type.

There are two major manners in which dark self tanners affect skin color. Ultraviolet beams generated by dark self tanners are categorized into UV-B or UV-A. Both variants lead to melanogenesis, the process through which melanocytes form melanin pigments. Melanin are of 2 kinds, the red one referred to as pheomelanini and the brown one known as eumelanin.

The function of melanin is to absorb solar radiation hence protecting the body. Excess solar rays may cause direct or indirect damage to DNA chains. The body counters such damages by synthesizing and releasing more melanin into the cells of the skin. This increased synthesis of melanin is chiefly triggered by UV-B radiation due to direct photodamage. The tan produced due to this process is darker and lasts longer but it only becomes visible after 72 hours of exposure.

UV-A also leads to formation of a tan. In this process, UV-A leads to oxidative stress, which causes oxidation of the existing melanin. When the existing melanin is oxidized, its color changes to dark brown. UV-A produced by dark self tanners or the sun also causes the melanin to redistribute but its quantity remains unchanged. This makes the oxidation of melanin less protective against UV damage than UV-B. Dark self tanners find a lot of application in the fashion industry, where models use them to make their skins dark before going for competitions.

Dark self tanners are costly equipment. They need proper handling and care for them to stay long. If good care is given to dark self tanners, they can stay for several years.




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